Prosiding INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SOCIAL POLITIC (ICOSOP)

10.47313 Jakarta’s Indigenous Population: Social and Cultural Dynamics Through the Ages

Alya Nazhwa Thalib — Fri, 23 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Jakarta's indigenous population, known as the Betawi people, is the product of centuries of
cultural blending and historical evolution. Their origins trace back to a mixture of local inhabitants
and various migrant groups—such as Malay, Arab, Chinese, and European settlers—who arrived
during the colonial era, particularly in the 18th and 19th centuries. This fusion of influences gave
rise to a unique ethnic identity that has become central to Jakarta’s cultural landscape. Despite the
rapid modernization and urbanization of Jakarta, the Betawi have maintained strong ties to their
traditions, reflected in cultural expressions such as lenong (traditional theater), gambang kromong
(musical ensemble), and culinary specialties like kerak telor and soto Betawi. These traditions have
transcended their community, becoming symbolic of the city itself and enriching Jakarta's cultural
diversity.Although often overshadowed by the city’s multi-ethnic population, the Betawi's
contributions continue to shape Jakarta's identity, highlighting their unique blend of historical roots
and cultural adaptability.

10.47313 THE CONTRIBUTION OF URBANIZATION TO IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF LIFE IN MAJOR INDONESIAN CITIES

Angelina Krisnanda — Fri, 23 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Urbanization is an important phenomenon in urban development and is a natural phenomenon
that goes hand in hand with economic development and the level of population welfare in a
country. Increased urban population growth will cause various problems and bring consequences
in all aspects of urban life, including various positive and negative impacts. Urbanization is often
synonymous with a country's capital city as a place of capital accumulation that attracts a high
level of economic activity. An effective solution to the problem of urbanization and to ensure
relevant urban development is to utilize efficiency in community empowerment and equitable
distribution of public welfare.

10.47313 ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS MESSAGE IN THE POSTS OF THE INSTAGRAM ACCOUNT 'SYSTOGREEN.ID' (A STUDY OF ROLAND BARTHES' SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS)

ANNISYA FITRIANI — Fri, 23 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Media sosial adalah platform online yang digunakan untuk berinteraksi, berbagi informasi, dan
mempromosikan bisnis atau personal branding. Instagram, sebagai salah satu platform media sosial
berbasis foto dan video, digunakan untuk berbagi konten visual, berinteraksi dengan pengguna lain,
serta mempromosikan produk, layanan, atau personal branding. Salah satu akun Instagram yang
fokus pada isu lingkungan adalah @systogreen.id, yang menyampaikan pesan dan edukasi mengenai
peduli lingkungan melalui postingannya. Dalam setiap unggahannya, terdapat pesan verbal maupun
non-verbal yang dapat dianalisis untuk memahami makna yang terkandung dan bagaimana pesan
tersebut mendorong kesadaran lingkungan di masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk
mendeskripsikan pesan yang terkandung, baik secara eksplisit maupun implisit, dalam postingan
Instagram @systogreen.id. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif, dengan pendekatan
teori semiotik Roland Barthes dan teori tentang lingkungan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa
postingan Instagram @systogreen.id menyampaikan beragam pesan terkait pemisahan sampah,
pengelolaan sampah organik, serta edukasi dan kesadaran lingkungan. Pesan-pesan tersebut dikemas
secara efektif melalui visual dan teks yang mampu menginspirasi masyarakat untuk lebih peduli
terhadap lingkungan.

10.47313 Nationalism in Late Colonial Indonesia: The Urban Struggle for Political Representation

ARAFAT HOSSAIN — Fri, 23 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Indonesian nationalism in the early 20th century was not solely shaped by ideological movements
or confrontations with the colonial state, but was also significantly influenced by urban politics in
colonial cities like Surabaya. Nationalist leaders such as Doctor Soetomo, navigated between
formal political institutions and grassroots activism to challenge European dominance in the city
governance. Their participants in city councils highlighted the broader struggle for native
Indonesians political rights and urban welfare, often using compromise and confrontation to
influence colonial policies. While colonial cities were structured around racial and class
segregation, the growth of political institutions in urban environments provided nationalists with
a platform to advocate for improved conditions for the nation for the native population. This urban
based nationalist engagement reshaped the local and political landscape and contributed to a
broader anticolonial narrative, reflecting the intertwined nature of urban modernity and the
Indonesian nationalist movement. The rise of city-based activism was key aspects of broader fight
for equality & independence.

10.47313 The Illusion of Grandeur: Jakarta as a City of Monuments, Lacking Substantive Development

Celin Haifa Assel — Fri, 23 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Jakarta epitomizes the tension between urban symbolism and substantive
infrastructure. Iconic landmarks such as the National Monument (Monas) represent
independence and progress, yet significant portions of the population still grapple with
inadequate infrastructure and public services. This disparity underscores a pressing critique of
urban development, wherein monumental projects like the Jakarta International Stadium (JIS)
prioritize image over community needs. Despite attracting investment, these symbols often
mask ongoing, such as poverty and chronic traffic congestion, thereby deepening social
inequality. This dynamic mirrors historical colonial urban policies prioritizing the elite while
sidelining the majority. As Jakarta confronts these ongoing challenges, a shift toward inclusive,
equitable development becomes imperative. A genuine global city should not only showcase
monuments but also ensure equitable access to infrastructure and resources, reflecting the
ideals of social justice advocated by figures like Dr. Soetomo. The future of Jakarta must
prioritize the well-being of all its residents, transforming urban spaces into inclusive
environments that promote genuine livability.

10.47313 The Impact of Globalization for the Rise of Modern Cities in Indonesia

Duta Aksara S. Oesman — Fri, 23 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This paper explores the impact of globalization on the rise of modern cities in Indonesia,
focusing on the economic, social, and infrastructural transformations driven by global forces. As
globalization has intensified, cities like Jakarta and Surabaya have become hubs of trade,
technology, and cultural exchange, attracting both foreign investment and internal migration. The
study examines the historical roots of urbanization in Indonesia and how modern-day
globalization has accelerated urban growth through industrialization and infrastructure.
However, the paper also highlights the challenges posed by this rapid development, including
environmental degradation, social inequality, and the pressures of overpopulation. Through case
studies of major Indonesian cities, the paper offers insights into the complex relationship
between globalization and urbanization.

10.47313 The Effects of Urban Air Pollution on Health, Safety and the Environment in Asia: Case Study Indonesia

Fatoumatta Bah — Fri, 23 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research examines the impact of urban air pollution on human health, safety, and the
environment in Indonesia, demonstrating that most cities, particularly Jakarta, have significant
levels of air pollution in comparison to European Union (EU) air quality regulations. The
findings are mostly related to natural or human activities such as waste burning, fossil fuel
combustion, car exhaust emissions, land clearance, mining, agriculture, and cement
manufacturing. According to the findings, air pollution is mostly responsible for the escalation
or exacerbation of asthma, cancer, lung/respiratory disorders, various cardiovascular diseases,
and early mortality in Indonesia. The study used a qualitative data collection method,
depending solely on secondary sources such as books, academic journals, newspapers, and the
Internet.

10.47313 The Colonial Roots of Power in Shaping Housing Policies and Urbanization in Jakarta Today

Cut Geubrina Salsabila — Fri, 23 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This essay examines the enduring effects of colonialism on housing power dynamics and
urbanization in Jakarta, formerly known as Batavia. This historical segregation has intensified
since Indonesia's independence in 1945, as rapid urbanization and migration have overwhelmed
urban infrastructure, leading to inadequate public services and environmental degradation.
Utilizing a literature review methodology, the research highlights how colonial urban planning
established a framework that favored European settlers, leading to significant social and spatial
disparities within the city. Key findings reveal that Indigenous populations were systematically
marginalized, forced into informal settlements, or kampung on the city's periphery, resulting in
entrenched socio-economic inequalities. The study also emphasizes contemporary issues such as
land subsidence and pollution, which are rooted in colonial governance practices and
exacerbated by modern administrative failures. Finally, the research underscores the necessity of
understanding Jakarta's colonial legacy to inform equitable housing policies and effectively
address the city’s current urban challenges, promoting social justice and sustainability for all
residents

10.47313 Electoral Competition and Candidate Selection: Revealed the Informal Connections in the 2024 Indonesian Legislative Election

Setyo Hari Priyono — Fri, 23 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Despite the importance of politicians and their selection processes, empirical studies have paid
little attention to what drives party selectors to choose some political candidates over others.
Electorates vote secretly during the election. However, political parties only provide them with a
list from which they can choose. Therefore, the study explores the dynamics of candidate selection
in Indonesia's 2024 legislative election, focusing on the informal connections between political
party elites and candidates, specifically examining clientelism. While electoral competition is often
viewed through formal processes, informal patron-client relationships can significantly influence
who is selected for candidacy.
The research investigates how party selectors balance criteria such as partisanship, popularity,
competence, and immutability (inherent socio-demographic traits like ethnicity and family
background). Through in-depth interviews with party selectors and candidates, the preliminary
results reveal that selectors often prioritize short-term electoral gains over long-term policy
effectiveness. Popularity, frequently driven by a candidate’s connection to party elites, tends to be
favored over competence.
The study emphasizes how previous activism background of candidates, play a significant role in
shaping enhancing partisanship. The study also introduces immutability as a distinct criterion in
candidate selection, showing how socio-demographic traits, often tied to clientelism, shape the
decision-making process. Selectors compromise between the formal and informal criteria,
highlighting how informal networks, such as family or ethnic ties, play a critical role in the
nomination process. These findings contribute to the understanding of the candidate selection
process in transitional democracies, where informal dynamics like clientelism are deeply
embedded.
The research underscores the need for further exploration into how these informal mechanisms
affect governance and electoral integrity in Indonesia. Future studies could benefit from using
ethnographic methods to delve deeper into the role of clientelism and its impact on political
processes in similar contexts.

10.47313 From Batavia to Jakarta: The Capital's Transformation in the Shadow of Colonialism and Independence

Zachra Alya — Fri, 23 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The development of Jakarta's public infrastructure reflects significant changes from the
colonial era to the modern period. During the colonial period, Batavia was built with
canals and fortifications to support Dutch interests, but its infrastructure was exclusive to
the colonials. After independence, Jakarta underwent major modernization under Sukarno
and Soeharto, with the construction of the National Monument, highways and
transportation networks. Major challenges, such as flooding and congestion, continue to
be faced, mainly due to rapid urbanization and economic growth. Recent efforts include
MRT, LRT projects, as well as the development of modern drainage to address
transportation and environmental issues. Despite these efforts, long-term sustainable
solutions are needed. With a focus on smart technology, green spaces, and better water
management, Jakarta can face the challenges of climate change and become a more
hospitable city for its residents.

10.47313 BENDESA ADAT AND GENERAL ELECTION 2019: CASE STUDY OF LEGISLATIVE CANDIDATES IN KLUNGKUNG, BANGLI AND BADUNG REGENCIES

Teddy Chrisprimanata Putra — Fri, 23 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The critical position of traditional villages in Bali as institution that is responsible for preserving
traditional rites and culture in Bali go hand in hand with the critical role of traditional village leader,
or what is known as Bendesa Adat. In the Balinese context, Bendesa Adat has greater power and
influence than the Village Head or Perbekel. These various advantages led Bendesa Adat to become
directly involved in the world of politics. In the context of the 2019 General Election, there were
sixteen Bendesa Adat who were running to become legislative candidates at the district level. This
research is using a descriptive-qualitative method through a case study approach of three Bendesa
Adat who were running as legislative candidates, namely I Ketut Gunaksa as the Bendesa Adat of
Jungutbatu, I Made Sudiasa as the Bendesa Adat of Undisan Kelod, and I Made Wijaya as the
Bendesa Adat of Tanjung Benoa. This research uses James Scott's patron-client theory and is
supported by several theories about power and social networks. As a results, it was found that the
patron-client relationship that occurs between Bendesa Adat as patron and krama adat as client falls
into the klaster patron client group, because Bendesa Adat who were running as a legislative
candidate in the 2019 elections had direct interaction with his krama adat. This direct interaction
encouraged the development of personal relationships between Bendesa Adat and their krama adat.
This closeness between patrons and clients gave rise to loyalty of krama adat to Bendesa Adat as a
form of remuneration. This loyalty entered into political spaces by supporting the Bendesa Adat to sit
as members of the legislature even without a written agreement. This then might create an reciprocal
relationship

10.47313 How Colonial Governance Incite Indonesian Nationalism

Mikha Arvi Marvello. P — Fri, 23 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Surabaya during the late 19th to early 20th Century was a period marked by Dutch Colonial
domination in the city governance of the Dutch East Indies. During this period a trend of
colonial modernity form the basis of colonial rule in which everything from its social,
economic, and political rule mainly serves the interest of colonial powers. As such, its no
wonder why such period was often considered a time when European residents had more
powers than the average Indonesia Natives.
This led to a series of riot and resistance from the local demanding more representation and
equal opportunity from the locals. Such events were made possible due to the clever political
maneuver made by many other native political actors and its organization. Events like this
highlights the overlooked role of nationalist movement and the engagement at the local level
as a way to resist colonial powers.
In the context of Surabaya during the colonial period, it serves as an example where local
politics serves as a powerful tool in asserting native or Indonesia rights and also as a means
where nationalist ideas and movement can grow from mere thoughts to an organized ideology
as a way to represent the people living under oppression from colonial rule.