PRE-PREGNANCY CLASS MODEL FOR HEALTHY PREGNANCY PLANNING: SISTEMATIC REVIEW

Abstract

Healthy pregnancy planning is essential for the well-being of both mothers and infants, yet awareness remains low in many communities, particularly those with limited healthcare access. This systematic literature review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of preconception class models in improving healthy pregnancy planning and maternal health outcomes. Guided by the PICOS framework, the review included observational studies focusing on engaged couples and preconception classes. A total of 83 articles were identified, with 12 selected for in-depth analysis based on their alignment with the framework. Four key studies highlighted significant improvements in pregnancy planning and maternal health outcomes through preconception education. The findings align with contemporary health education theories, such as the Health Belief Model, which emphasizes that increased awareness and self-efficacy drive health-promoting behaviors. Social Cognitive Theory further supports the importance of social support and observational learning in behavior change, showcasing the value of culturally tailored interventions. Additionally, the Ecological Model of Health Behavior underlines the necessity of addressing multiple layers of influence, including community-level resources and norms. The evidence suggests that integrating preconception classes into public health strategies can effectively enhance maternal health and reduce pregnancy-related complications. Given the persistent challenges in maternal health in Indonesia, implementing pre-pregnancy education programs may significantly contribute to improving outcomes by fostering informed decision-making and collaborative support among families. This review emphasizes the potential of preconception classes as a vital intervention to address knowledge gaps and promote healthy pregnancy planning.