Perspektif Kebijakan Luar Negeri terhadap Larangan Perjalanan Muslim
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47313/jkik.v8i1.3674Abstrak
Abstrak
Larangan Perjalanan Muslim, yang diberlakukan melalui Perintah Eksekutif 13769 pada tahun 2017, menandai perubahan kontroversial dalam kebijakan luar negeri AS dengan membatasi masuknya orang-orang dari beberapa negara mayoritas Muslim. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi implikasi kebijakan luar negeri yang lebih luas dari larangan tersebut, dengan fokus pada dampaknya terhadap hubungan diplomatik, tantangan utama hukum dan hak asasi manusia, serta dampaknya terhadap keamanan nasional dan reputasi internasional AS. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dan data sekunder, termasuk kasus-kasus pengadilan, laporan hak asasi manusia, dan analisis para ahli, penelitian ini mengungkap temuan-temuan yang signifikan. Larangan tersebut memperburuk hubungan diplomatik dengan negara-negara yang terkena dampak, menumbuhkan ketidakpercayaan dan mengganggu kerja sama bilateral. Laporan ini mengangkat permasalahan hukum dan hak asasi manusia yang kritis, menyoroti tantangan konstitusional dan pelanggaran prinsip-prinsip non-diskriminasi. Selain itu, dampak larangan tersebut terhadap keamanan nasional masih diperdebatkan, dengan argumen bahwa larangan tersebut mungkin memperburuk ancaman keamanan dengan menumbuhkan sentimen anti-Amerika. Pencabutan larangan di bawah pemerintahan Biden mendapat sambutan positif, menandakan komitmen kembali terhadap inklusivitas dan hak asasi manusia. Studi tersebut menyimpulkan bahwa Larangan Perjalanan Muslim mempunyai konsekuensi yang kompleks dan luas terhadap kebijakan luar negeri AS, sehingga memerlukan upaya berkelanjutan untuk memperbaiki hubungan diplomatik dan menegakkan standar hak asasi manusia.
Kata Kunci: hak asasi manusia; hubungan diplomatik; keamanan nasional; Larangan Perjalanan Muslim; tantangan hukum
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