Indonesia Policy In Resolving The North Natuna Sea Conflict With Tiongkok: A Case Study Of Illegal Fishing In 2019-2020

Suhanto Suhanto; Ayunita Adi Putri

doi:10.47313/pjsh.v8i1.2210

Authors

Suhanto Suhanto International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Science
Ayunita Adi Putri International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Science

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47313/pjsh.v8i1.2210

Keywords:

transnational crime, illegal fishing, unclos 1982, chinese fishermen, north natuna sea.

Abstract

Artikel ini menjelaskan bagaimana strategi Pemerintah dalam menyelesaikan sengketa illegal fishing oleh nelayan China di Laut Natuna Utara yang merupakan bagian dari Zona Ekonomi Eksklusif atau ZEE Indonesia berdasarkan UNCLOS 1982. Upaya penanggulangan untuk melindungi wilayah laut Indonesia dari illegal fishing, aktivitas penangkapan ikan, permasalahan ini merupakan bagian dari kejahatan transnasional terorganisir yang tentunya dapat merugikan perekonomian Indonesia. Metode pengumpulan data melalui studi pustaka dimana data diambil melalui website resmi, buku, jurnal, dan relevan dengan penelitian ini. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan tipe deskriptif. Peneliti menggunakan konsep kepentingan nasional dalam mewujudkan politik luar negeri Indonesia menuju Poros Maritim Dunia Indonesia, dalam hal ini, pemerintah dapat menekankan segala upayanya untuk menegakkan hukum di laut Indonesia dan memberantas kegiatan illegal fishing di Laut Natuna Utara. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa sejak tahun 2019 hingga tahun 2020 banyak nelayan China yang masuk ke wilayah laut Natuna Utara untuk melakukan kegiatan illegal fishing yang dikawal langsung oleh China Coast Guard (CCG). Untuk mengatasi klaim sepihak Tiongkok, perubahan nama juga dilakukan oleh pihak Indonesia dan diakui secara hukum oleh PBB pada tahun 2017.

This article describes how the Government’s strategy in resolving disputes over illegal fishing activities by Chinese fishermen in The North Natuna Sea, which is part of Indonesia's Exclusive Economic Zone or EEZ based on UNCLOS 1982. The implementation of countermeasures effort to protect Indonesia’s marine area from illegal fishing activities, this issue is a part of transnational organized crime which of course can harm Indonesia economic. The data collection methods through the literature study where the data is taken through the official website, books, journals, and relevant to this research. The research method used is qualitative approach with descriptive type. The researcher also uses the concept of national interest in realizing Indonesia's foreign policy towards an Indonesia's Global Maritime Axis, where the government can emphasize all its efforts to enforce the law in the Indonesia’s sea and combat illegal fishing activities in The North Natuna Sea. The results of this research prove that from 2019 until 2020 there are many Chinese fishermen who deliberately enter to The North Natuna sea area to conduct illegal fishing activities which are directly escorted by the China Coast Guard (CCG). The name change was also executed by the Indonesian side and was legally recognized by the United Nations in 2017. In order to overcome unilateral claims made by Tiongkok.

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